The evolution of science is like a boon to the world, as human beings come to know a lot about the world they are living in including the activities they indulge into. Furthermore, the development of technology along with the advancement in Science helps to bring in a revolution in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, education, information and technology, and many more.

In the present world, if we think of any sort of development, then the presence of science and technology cannot be ignored.

WHAT IS SCIENCE?

Science fundamentally is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the natural and physical world through observations and experiments.

Study of science evolved with the civilization of human beings.

WHATI S TECHNOLOGY?

Technology(which is basically derived from the Greek word ‘technologia’)is an art, skill or ability, which is used to create and develop products and acquire knowledge.

Scientists used their knowledge to develop technology and then used technology to develop Science; so, because of this reason science and technology are an integrated term into day’s world.

Consider the following points to understand the relationship between Science and Technology −

• Contribution of Science to Technology
• Contribution of Technology to Science

CONTRIBUTION OF SCIENCE TO TECHNOLOGY

1. Science as a direct source of new technological ideas

For example, innovation and development of medical instruments; nuclear technology, radar system, etc.

Science as a source of engineering

Most of the technical knowledge used in the designing and development of tools and techniques is actually an outcome of ‘engineering science’.

Science has also helped in the development of humans kills. This is one of the fundamental contributions of Science.

CONTRIBUTION OF TECHNOLOGY TO SCIENCE

Consider the following points to understand the contribution of Technology to Science−

Technology as a source of scientific challenges

The development in the field of technology paves way for research and development in the field of Science. For example, space science is one of them. Technological development likewise indirectly stimulates basic research in the field of science.

Instrumentation and measurement techniques

Development of advanced instruments facilitated scientists to measure the distance between sun and earth, the intensity of sun’s rays, the revolution of celestial bodies, internal problems of human beings, life of a bridge, etc.

ROLEOF SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY IN TO DAY’S LIFE

In today’s world, the role of science and technology is indispensable. We need Science and Technology in every sphere of our life like to treat diseases such as cancer or even to book a cab or train/flight ticket.

Infact, without technology(integrated with science), we cannot imagine our life per se.

One of the most important aspects of Science and Technology is that it has solution to the difficult of the difficult problems, the problems which have the potential to become major bottlenecks to the overall growth of the country. Some of these problems could be −

• Health aspects
• Standard of education
• Availability of healthy food and safe drinking water
• Infrastructure

On the other hand, once mitigating solutions are found for these problems, then the second major issue is the under-development in the field of scientific research and technology that directly affects the development of the country’s economy, infrastructure, higher education, and a few other fields listed below −

• Development of nuclear technology
• Defense technology
• Development of satellites
• Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology is the broad area of science involving living systems and organismstodevelopormakeproducts,or"anytechnologicalapplicationthat uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Art.
• Meteorological science
  • Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting.
• Space technology
  • Spacetechnologyistechnologydevelopedbyspacescienceortheaerospace industry for use in spaceflight, satellites, or space exploration.
• Nanotechnology
• Wireless communication, etc.

Allthesetechnologies,inturn,providefavorableconditionsforthecountry’s growth and increase healthy competition nationally and also internationally.

In today’s world, more often, we get to read or listen that developed countries, developingcountries,underdevelopedcountries,oreventhird-worldcountries,all these designate the level of development of Science and Technology in other countries, they have the influence on.

Government has also created an exclusive department to emphasize on the development of Science and Technology and a separate budget is also allocated for the same.

NATURE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Let us now discuss the nature of Science and Technology. There are normally two types of knowledge required for the overall development of a country −

Technical Knowledge

It can be defined in the simplest term as –‘know- how’. It includes ranges of basic skills such as advancement in agriculture, development of chemical industries, medical technology, software engineering, etc.

Understanding of the at tributes or elements

It means, knowledge and understanding of the intelligence of workers, quality of products, value of a firm, effectiveness of market, etc.

The uncompetitiveness of any of the attributes or elements leads to knowledge gap and information deficiency, which is directly related to the under-development of the respective country.

Likewise, Science and Technology is directly related to the overall development of the country. As a matter of fact, Science and Technology facilitates healthy competition between the different attributes and elements and acts like a platform for a better life.

Therefore,inordertoalleviatethebasicproblemsoffoodandsupply,safedrinking water, health problems, education, infrastructure, etc., the emphasis and gradual development of Science and Technology is essential.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

21stcenturyhascometobeknownastheera of Information Technology; it is the key driver of economic growth of not only a nation, but rather the whole world.

The growth and progress of every sector of the country today depends on the level of Information Technology.

Furthermore, technology is not important only at the work place, but also in our everyday life; whether it is working with the micro-wave oven which is a cooking appliance or a super computer, an appliance is based on information technology, technology helps everywhere.

From Hi-tech industry to an education system, Information Technology footprints can be seen everywhere.

Likewise, Information Technology is one of the essential features for the overall development of a country.

Meaning of Information Technology

The technology, which is exclusively designed to store, process, and transmit information, is known as Information Technology.

The following diagram illustrates the basic features and applications of Information Technology −

Though the diagram given above is not inclusive, as it does not include every aspect and application of information technology, but it comprehensively covers the major aspects.

Important Features of Information Technology

Following are the major features as well as advantages of Information Technology-

• The development of Information Technology has made education system simpler, easier, and widespread. Now, people of remote areas can also use technology for their children’s education and also avail the benefit safe adult education.
• Diffusion of e-governance on a large scale.

• Participation of public in governance and policy making.
• Fast economic development.
• Development of remote areas.
• Technology helps the police in nabbing the criminals.
• The judiciary and other administrative services canal so take the help of technology to make work easier and faster.
• Highly beneficial for the common people, as they can access their rights and can take legal action against the person who violates his/her rights.
• It increases the happiness and prosperity of not only an individual, but rather the society as a whole.

Besides, there are many other advantages too that can be availed in our everyday life only with the further development of information technology.

Demerits of Information Technology

Information Technology is like a boon on the society. However, it comes with its own disadvantages −

• As discussed above, with the help of technology, police can arrest criminals and criminal activities; at the same time, technology has also opened the door for criminals as well to practice smart criminal activity.
• There are chances that children can misuse technology and take a wrong path.
• Some distorted and perverted minds use technology to demean or defame someone unethically and also illegally.
• These are basically not demerits but rather the misuse of technology.